African swine fever is growing threat to poor and rich countries alike

Participants of an African swine fever workshop held in July 2011 at ILRI’s Nairobi headquarters: (From left) Raymond Rowland (Kansas State University), David Odongo (ILRI), Richard Bishop (ILRI), Maria-Jesus Munoz (Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal-Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias) and Jose-Manuel Vizcaino (head of the World Animal Health Organisation’s African Swine Fever World Reference Centre, in Madrid) on a visit to the new laboratories at ILRI and Biosciences eastern and central Africa (photo credit: ILRI/Edward Okoth).

‘Scientists from around the world came to Kansas State University’s Biosecurity Research Institute (BRI) May 15–17 to take a global look at the highly contagious viral disease, African swine fever (ASF). The researchers assembled to give updates on research and in some cases, the status of ASF in their countries.

‘ASF has not been found in the United States, but is a serious problem in Africa and outbreaks have occurred in other countries, including Spain, Italy, Russia and the Dominican Republic. There is no vaccine or treatment. Changes in production practices and increasing globalization have increased the risk of introducing ASF into North America and other parts of the world, according to the Center for Food Security and Public Health at Iowa State University. . . .

‘Humans are not susceptible to the African swine fever virus (ASFV), but when an outbreak occurs in any region or country, the financial and physical implications can be devastating to the swine industry and those related to it. During outbreaks in Malta and the Dominican Republic, for example, the swine herds of the entire countries were completely depopulated. . . .

Richard Bishop, senior molecular biologist with the International Livestock Research Institute in Nairobi, Kenya spoke of the importance of the swine herd in Africa, adding that even one pig can make a significant difference in a family’s income. He said that the pig population in Africa increased 284% from 1980 to 1999 and that pork consumption during the period almost doubled. . . .’

Read the whole article at National Hog Farmer (USA): African swine fever represents growing global threat, 18 May 2012.

 

Lethal family tree: ILRI research shows livestock bacterium is as old as the livestock it kills

Aurochs were the ancestors of domestic cattle (photo on Flickr by Marcus Sümnick).

Lucas Brouwers, in a blog on Scientific American, has picked up on an interesting genetics study conducted at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), in Nairobi, Kenya, which targets a cattle disease known as contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (or CBPP for short). The study provides evidence of the primeval origins of the arms race between pathogens and their animal hosts.

The study, conducted by ILRI researchers and partners at the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (also in Nairobi), and in Germany, Sweden, Switzerland and the USA, was published last month in the Public Library of Science (PLoS, 27 Apr 2012).

The study shows that some ten thousand years ago, as humans first began to domesticate species of wild ruminants (in Africa as well as the Near East), they unwittingly also began to domesticate a wild bacterium—Mycoplasma mycoides.

‘. . . This bacterium has left a long and bloody trail through livestock history. Virulent strains of Mycoplasma raged around the world in the 19th century, killing millions of goats and cows. But the roots of Mycoplasma mycoides run deeper. In their paper, Anne Fischer and her colleagues show that the entire Mycoplasma mycoides cluster arose 10,000 years ago.

Mycoplasma mycoides is as old as the livestock it kills.

‘A severe Mycoplasma infection begins with a cough, followed by a groan, a grunt and more coughing. Breathing becomes difficult and painful. Eventually, the cow or goat becomes listless and, in the terminal stage of disease, stops moving altogether. . . . Untreated, the most deadly of Mycoplasma strains can slaughter herds within days. . . .

‘The nineteenth century . . . was a golden age, as far as Mycoplasma mycoides was concerned. The livestock trade became global, while vaccination programmes were still in their infancy. Entire countries could be infected by a single animal. . . . [A] handful of cows in . . . [South Africa] became infected by a Friesian bull, imported from the Netherlands. The disease soon swept through South Africa, killing 100.000 cows and oxen along the way.

‘To be fair, not every strain of Mycoplasma mycoides is a killer, and not every infection ends in death. The Mycoplasma family is large and most strains are not as lethal as Mycoplasma mycoides mycoides (for cows) and Mycoplasma capricolum capripneumoniae (for goats), the two strains that cause the contagious pneumonia described above.

‘Over the past few years, scientists have realized that the Mycoplasma mycoides family extends beyond its two most infamous members, but have so far failed to chart all the relationships between the different strains. To figure out who is related to whom, Anne Fischer and her colleagues collected 118 different strains from all over the world, and sequenced 7 of their genes. Fischer’s collection features bacteria from all times and places, including strains isolated from African cattle in 1931, Rocky Mountain goats and Mouflons from Qatar.

‘Using the genetic differences between strains as a measure for their kinship, Fischer’s team reconstructed the entire Mycoplasma mycoides family tree. From this tree, the team concludes that the founding father of all Mycoplasma mycoides lived 10,000 years ago—around the same time pastoralists domesticated cattle, goats and sheep in the Near East. . . .

The family tree of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster, published in the 2012 paper by Fischer et al. Horizontal axis represents time, in years before present. The entire cluster is 10,000 years old, but the two most virulent strains (M caprcicolum subsp capripneumoniae and M mycoides subsp mycoides) are much younger.

‘While Mycoplasma mycoides as a family might be as ancient as livestock itself, the two most contagious and deadly strains are much younger. The common ancestors of the strains that cause contagious pneumonia in cows and goats lived between 91 and 414 and between 56 and 490 years ago, respectively. . . . [W]hat could have favoured the origin and survival of these hypervirulent bugs in recent centuries. Herding made Mycoplasma mycoides—but what turned it into a killer?’

Read the whole post by Lucas Brouwers on Scientific American‘s Thoughtomics Blog: Livestock bacteria are as old as the livestock they kill, 14 May  2012.

Read the science paper: The origin of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster coincides with domestication of ruminants, by Anne Fischer (ICIPE and ILRI), Beth Shapiro (Pennsylvania State University), Cecilia Muriuki (ILRI), Martin Heller (Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute), Christiane Schnee (Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute), Erik Bongcam-Rudloff (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences), Joachim Frey (University of Berne) and Joerg Jores (ILRI), 2012, PLoS ONE 7(4): e36150.

 

Coping with drought: Assessing the impacts of livestock insurance in Kenya

In January 2010 the index-based livestock insurance (IBLI) pilot project was launched in Marsabit District of northern Kenya as an effort to help pastoralists manage drought risk, and its pernicious ex ante and ex post effects.

A Brief from the I4 Index Insurance Innovation Initiative reports results based on the impact of insurance on households’ anticipated changes in their coping behavior after receipt of their October 2011 IBLI insurance payouts. It gives a preliminary appraisal of the impact of drought insurance on household well-being.

The IBLI index insurance contract uses satellite-based measures of vegetative cover to predict average livestock mortality experienced by local communities. Households receive a payout if the predicted average livestock mortality rate reaches 15%. In October-November 2011 the first IBLI payouts were made to households who had purchased insurance earlier in the year. Households in our study received an average payout of about 10,000 Kenyan Shillings (or roughly $150).

The IBLI pilot was implemented in connection with a rigorous impact evaluation. This long-term research design will allow researchers to explore whether the beneficial effects of insurance (on both ex ante and ex post coping strategies) are large enough to warrant increased development of similar products. While we await those long-term findings, this Brief reports results based on the impact of insurance on households’ anticipated changes in their coping behavior after receipt of their October 2011 insurance payouts. By comparing these anticipated coping changes with those of their uninsured peers, we are able to arrive at a preliminary appraisal of the impact of drought insurance on household well-being.

Download the Brief

 

Guinea pigs for African tables? A ‘Cavy Innovation Platform’ is set up in Cameroon

Cavies (aka guinea pigs) in a special pig pantry off the side of a kitchen in Peru (photo on Flickr by Emile Hardman/QuintanaRoo).

Could guinea pigs be a new protein source in Africa? In a special report  on ‘Solutions for a hungry world’ by AlertNet, Emma Batha describes how the raising of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), also called ‘cavies’ (in Spanish, cuyo), a traditional food of Andean tribes, is taking hold in Africa. (Despite their common name, guinea pigs are not in the pig family and not from Guinea.)

‘. . . Researchers working on a livestock project in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) three years ago were astonished to find families keeping the rodents, also known as cavies.

I was very surprised to see them,” said Brigitte Maass, a scientist with the International Center for Tropical Agriculture. “We’re not sure how or when they got to DRC, but they have enormous potential to boost nutrition and improve rural livelihoods.

‘She said cavies could provide a great source of cheap protein in DRC, which has some of the highest rates of malnutrition in the world. The lean white meat is around 20 percent protein, more than beef or lamb, and the skin is more than 30 percent protein.

‘Researchers believe the fighting that has ravaged the east of the country for well over a decade may have encouraged people to breed the small animals as larger livestock are often looted. Cavies are easy to hide and light to carry if people are forced to flee their homes.

‘“In many, many communities cavies were the only animal that people kept for providing protein and also some limited income,” said Appolinaire Djikeng, a scientist at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), who is leading the cavy research project. “They were mobile banks, as people referred to them.”

‘Djikeng said cavies had several advantages over larger livestock for poor households. You don’t need much investment to start breeding them and you don’t need land—most are kept indoors, which may explain why they have been almost invisible until now.

‘Cavies can survive on kitchen waste, so unlike grain-fed livestock they do not compete with humans for food. They reproduce quickly, with females giving birth to 10–15 young a year.

‘And there are no big threats from diseases as there are with poultry. Farmers also say their droppings make very good manure for crops.

‘“Cavies could have a significant role in improving food security in poor communities across Africa,” Djikeng said. “They are recognised as an important player for driving people out of poverty.” . . .

‘In Africa, cavies are predominantly kept by women and children and provide an important source of income for them. Children often use the animals to pay for school fees.

‘In Tanzania, Maass said the animal’s small size and ease of handling made them popular in households headed by children who have lost their parents to HIV/AIDS.

‘Scientists are now trying to map the genetic diversity of cavy populations in Africa with a view to establishing breeding programmes. At the moment, farmers report a lot of inbreeding which in turn causes high mortality rates, Djikeng told AlertNet by phone from Nairobi. . . .

There is now significant recognition that not everyone will own cows, goats or sheep,” Djikeng said. “But people can quickly own these other animals, which to some extent will provide them access to income and nutritious food.”

‘Djikeng said they were helping Cameroon set up a Cavy Innovation Platform to encourage cavy production and share information. The forum will include policymakers, universities, agricultural research institutes, non-governmental organisations and farmers’ associations as well as hotel and restaurant entrepreneurs who can promote cavy dishes.

‘They plan to set up a similar platform in DRC in the coming weeks and eventually establish them in other countries.’

Read the whole article at AlertNet: Could guinea pigs be a new protein source in Africa?, 2 May 2012.

 

Agricultural innovation platforms – reaching out to more stakeholders

“By joining forces in innovation platforms, stakeholders can generate innovation by combining their indigenous knowledge, business interests and organisational skills” – Monty Jones of the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa introduces a new book by the Royal Tropical Institute ‘Putting heads together: Agricultural Innovation platforms in practice.’

“This book is based on the premise that innovation is needed in order to address such challenges. Innovation, in its turn, is the result of interactions amongst different actors who have a common interest in finding solutions to address the challenges. We argue that the bottleneck in African agriculture is not solely due to a lack of technological fixes for farmers. It is also intimately related to the conditions under which those technologies are developed and used to benefit farmers; that is, the bottleneck is also of an organisational and institutional nature.”

Innovation platforms deliberately enhance interactions amongst stakeholders to change the way their organisations function and collaborate with others.

The book “is written from the perspective of practitioners for practitioners.” It draws on twelve case studies from sub-Saharan Africa; it provides new information on the performance of innovation platforms in developing countries, offers options to policy makers, and gives inspiration to all actors involved in one way or another in stimulating innovation in the agricultural sector.

It usefully zooms in on three big issues: Designing an innovation platform – where to start; brokering – who brings the people together (and how); and impact and sustainability – do they make any difference?

Download the book

Innovation systems approaches and platforms are an important element in ILRI’s work:

• Read a recent ILRI brief on changing approaches to pro-poor livestock market development: Innovation and upgrading in the value chain.

• Ten lessons on multi-stakeholder networks and innovation platforms drawn from the Fodder Adoption Project in Ethiopia, Syria and Vietnam

• Recent and ongoing projects employing this approach include imGoats in India and Mozambique; several animal feed and fodder projects; and the Nile Basin Development Challenge.

• More posts on innovation systems

 

To market, to market–but where is the market? Jimmy Smith and Namanga Ngongi say agricultural markets could be the engines of Africa’s development

Three diapered goats in the trunk of a car, bought at the local livestock market, await the drive in Mali (photo on Flickr by Romel Jacinto).

The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) recently released a book of case studies illustrating ‘high- payoff/low-cost’ initiatives that could help avoid future African food crises.

This publication on African markets comes just as the immediate impacts of a great drought that ravaged East Africa’s Horn throughout the second half of 2011 are finally declining and another drought begins to take its toll across West Africa’s vast Sahelian agropastoral lands.

Based on the case studies presented in the new book, Jimmy Smith, director general of ILRI, and Namanga Ngongi, president of AGRA, argue in a joint opinion piece this month that we have to ‘bring markets to farmers’ doorsteps’.

AGRA president Namanga Ngongi (photo on Flickr by World Economic Forum).

OPINION BY ILRI’S JIMMY SMITH AND AGRA’S NAMANGA NGONGI
Pyramids of stacked tomatoes, sacks of cowpea and pigeon pea, cassava standing against the curb, bundles of greens, trucks of gleaming milk containers, wheel barrows of dried fish—all are for sale. Goats bleat as vendors sell clothes, caps, sodas, ceramic plates, with prices scrawled on boards. Sounds of trade and traffic fill the air: cell phones, motorcycles and matatus, taxis and trucks, and people bargaining for the best price.

In cities and villages across the continent, markets are at the centre of African life. Yet, vital as Africa’s agricultural markets are for millions of small-scale farmers, or smallholders, too many markets aren’t reaching their potential as an engine for transforming Africa’s countryside.

Stored grain rotted by weevils never makes it to market. For every truck in the market lot, others idle at roadblocks as paperwork and bribes pass hands. Milk spoils before it can reach the city. Without access to market information and crop storage, smallholder farmers may lose money if they sell—and lose more if they don’t.

Across Africa, poorly functioning markets undermine farmers’ incentives to grow more food, and entire economies lose out. Women suffer, as both farmers and marketers, and the younger generations leave the sector when they see farming as all work with no reward.

Although Mali has abundant cattle herds, beef from subsidized European cattle arrives at neighbouring West African ports. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Nigeria alone foregoes an estimated USD10 billion in agricultural export opportunities annually. Many of these exports would be to other African countries, as intra-regional trade represents a potential USD150-billion market.

Today, strong markets are as important to poverty reduction and economic growth as increased farm productivity. It is time to transform Africa’s markets, and seamlessly connect Africa’s smallholder farmers with its centres of agricultural exchange. This is no small task. Farmers need access to financing and to market information, to crop storage and transport. Policies need to eliminate, rather than encourage, bureaucratic delays and price volatility, providing incentives for farmers to invest and produce more.

But the reverse is often the case. Regulatory, infrastructural, and institutional hurdles to trade, so-called ‘non-tariff barriers’ (NTBs), contribute up to 40 per cent of the price of commodities in some parts of Africa. For example, moving products from northern Mozambique to neighbouring southern Malawi requires getting an export permit in the distant port city of Quelimane. In Zambia, trucks operated by the grocery store Shoprite carry up to 1,600 documents to meet border requirements.

Such policies and practices present enormous obstacles to smallholder farmers hoping to market a modest surplus. But today, new initiatives that link farmers to markets are emerging, according to a report recently released by the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) and the Nairobi-based International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI).

ILRI director general Jimmy Smith (photo credit: ILRI/Zerihun Sewunet).

The changes are local, national and regional. In one effort, addressing frustrations at the border, 34 countries have enacted compatible excise tax and customs software. Market integration efforts such as the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) are adapting regulations to encourage the flow of goods, including through adopting common food safety measures.

In some cases, market reforms bridge the gap between the formal and informal market sectors, enabling smallholder farmers to cooperate in the processing, transport and marketing of goods. This is particularly important, as 60 per cent of trade in staple grains and 95 per cent of trade in livestock take place through such informal channels.

One concerted effort has benefitted 40,000 small-scale milk traders in Kenya. By focusing on business skills as well as the standards for milk safety and quality, the Smallholder Dairy Project helped milk traders receive certification from the Kenya Dairy Board, a national regulatory agency, in effect ‘formalizing’ their enterprises. The program helped boost Kenyan dairy industry revenues by USD16 million annually.

Meanwhile, a warehouse receipt program operated by the Eastern Africa Grain Council and Kenya’s Maize Development program offers farmers both easier access to credit and a safe place to store surplus harvests, protecting grains from rot and pests. Farmers can store their surplus while using the deposited grain as collateral to obtain credit, which they can use to purchase farm inputs and pay for transport to ensure that the stored grain can ultimately reach the market.

African governments should follow these positive examples and break with the ad-hoc policies that do more harm than good. This will ensure that African markets benefit the continent’s smallholder farmers and consumers—who are often one and the same.

Read the opinion piece as published in The Star (Kenya): Bring markets to farmers’ doorstep, 3 Apr 2012.

Or read the ILRI-AGRA news release on this topic on the ILRI News Blog or on AGRA’s website: Experts: Linking farmers to markets critical to rural development and efforts to combat Africa’s food woes, 1 Mar 2012.

Both the book, Towards priority actions for market development for African farmers, and a synthesis document are available for download here. Many market images are posted on ILRI’s Flickr page at this link.

About AGRA
The Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) is a dynamic partnership working across the African continent to help millions of small-scale farmers and their families lift themselves out of poverty and hunger. AGRA programmes develop practical solutions to significantly boost farm productivity and incomes for the poor while safeguarding the environment. AGRA advocates for policies that support its work across all key aspects of the African agricultural value chain—from seeds, soil health and water to markets and agricultural education.

 

Livestock herding and resource management: Good (natural, rangeland) bedfellows

Livestock herding in Niger (photo credit: ILRI/Stevie Mann).

Pastoralism—herding cattle, sheep, goats and other ruminant animals to find new grazing grounds—should be recognized as a key sector in resource management, said experts meeting at a Brussels Development Briefing on Pastoralism held on 22 Feb 2012.

‘Recurring drought and land disputes have recently placed nomadic pastoralists under the media spotlight. Their skill at managing livestock and the quality of the meat they produce . . . is however largely ignored by national political elites.’ In 2011, the African Union began to redress this by launching the Pastoral Policy Framework to strengthen the role played by pastoralism within the African economy.

‘“Nomadic pastoralism is not an evolutionary impasse”, says Jeremy Swift, who has spent most of his working career at the Institute for Development Studies at the University of Sussex in the UK. . . . “Pastoralists here are livestock experts. Far from being a subsistence economy, their contribution to the national economy is significant if seldom acknowledged”. The point made by Swift highlights one of the greatest challenges for pastoralism: being included in the government’s official statistics.

‘It is estimated that there are around 20 million pastoralists in Africa and 50 million in the world. Both these numbers are to be taken with a pinch of salt, however, as they only take nomadic pastoralists into account and not agricultural pastoralists. In West Africa pastoral livestock is one of the keys to integration . . . . In Mali the livestock sector accounts for 44 per cent of the agricultural GNP.

‘. . . The socio-economic advantages of pastoralism are especially relevant in Eastern Africa. In Sudan, the pastoral-dominated livestock sector accounts for 80 per cent of the agricultural GDP and Somalia is the major livestock exporter to the Gulf States. In Ethiopia, the livestock-dependant leather industry is the second largest source of foreign currency after coffee. In Tanzania and Kenya, pastoralism and tourism try to co-exist and in South Africa 60 per cent of the country’s cattle herding exports [are] supplied by pastoral breeders.

‘Being recognised by government statistics is one thing, being properly represented in politically elected bodies and in the social services is another. And yet interesting initiatives are beginning to emerge. . . .

‘Unlike other economic actors, in Africa pastoralists do not have access to credit or insurance which would enable them to safeguard themselves against a whole host of hazards, including weather hazards. A pilot insurance project was launched in Northern Kenya in January 2010.

This system, which will be extended to Ethiopia, has ensured that pastoralists were able to buy food without sacrificing a part of their livestock and protecting them from the risk of falling into extreme poverty,” explains Shirley Tarawali, Director of Institutional Planning at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) based in Nairobi.’

Read the whole article at Afronline: Seeking recognition for pastoralism, a key sector in resource management, 7 Mar 2012.

Read more on the ILRI News Blog, with a link to the presentation made by ILRI’s Shirley Tarawali: Options to enhance resilience in pastoral systems: The case for novel livestock insurance, 22 Feb 2012.

Note: The Brussels Development Briefing on pastoralism in ACP (African, Caribbean and the Pacific) countries was organized by the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation ACP-EU (CTA), in partnership with the African Union Commission, the European Commission (DG DEVCO), the ACP Secretariat and Concord, and in collaboration with CELEP (Coalition of European Lobbies for Eastern African Pastoralists). This article is published in the framework of an editorial project supported by CTA in the framework of Brussels Development Briefings, but does not necessarily reflect the views of the organization.

 

Can smallholder farmers take a leading role in addressing the twin challenges of food security and environmental sustainability?

A farmer in Himachal Pradesh, India. Smallholder farmers can contribute to the search for climate solutions (photo credit: Neil Palmer/CIAT).

Paul Kagame, the president of the Republic of Rwanda, says experience from that country shows that smallholder farmers can contribute to the search for climate-smart solutions and climate talks should bring smallholder agriculture into the discussion.

In an opinion piece published in Business Daily (Kenya), he says:

‘Until the world’s small farmers adopt a series of necessary changes, climate talks such as the United Nations Rio+20 Summit, which will take place in Rio de Janeiro this June, will never translate into action.’

‘The emergence of a global green economy requires governments, other policymakers, and businesses from developed and emerging economies to recognize the inextricable linkages between climate change, the environment, and food security. This means bringing the world’s smallholder agriculture into the discussion.’

‘Every day, smallholder farmers in developing countries confront the consequences of climate change. They are often the very first to fall prey to fickle global markets or extreme weather events.’

‘Yet smallholders cannot be ignored when it comes to climate-change solutions: the world’s half-billion small farms account for 60 per cent of global agriculture production and provide up to 80% of the food supply in developing countries. Together, they manage vast areas of our planet, including 80% of the farmland in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia.’

The lesson is simple: identify the climate-smart farming practices and techniques that can boost agricultural production, convey the relevant know-how to smallholders, support them as they make the transition, and create a policy environment that enables them to take advantage of this knowledge.

Read whole article in Business Daily: Involve farmers in climate solutions, 15 Mar 2012.

 

Learning route on innovative livestock marketing in Kenya

Participants in a ‘learning route’ on Innovative Livestock Marketing just completed their trip through Kenya.

Organized by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and the PROCASUR Corporation, the route is a participatory practitioner-to-practitioner training to increase awareness about channels and strategies to diversify livestock production and marketing.

Read stories from the route …

How do innovations travel? In people’s mind. Kenya Learning Route on Innovating Livestock Marketing

Bridging the gap: Connecting Maasai pastoralist communities to livestock markets.

From pastoralists to terminal market: journey along the livestock value chain.

M-PESA: The power of mobile technology in livestock marketing.

The power of camel milk: the story of the Anolei Camel Milk Cooperative.

An earlier route looked at ways rangelands can be better protected for local rangeland users, including pastoralists, in East Africa

 

ጉብኝት ለመልካም ተሞክሮ ከ ሴቶች ጋር [Amharic]

This blog post is in Amharic, if you are seeing boxes download fonts here.

ይህ ዶኪመንቴሽን በግብርናው ዘርፍ የሴቶች መብትና ተሳትፎ እንዲሁም ተጠቃሚነት ተግባራዊ ለማድርግ የ IPMS (በኢትዮጵያ ምርታማነትና የገበያ ስኬት ማሻሻያ) ፕሮጄክትን እንቅስቃሴዎች አካቶ ይዟል። IPMS ሴቶችን ከወንዶች እኩል የፕሮጀክቱ ድገፍ ተጠቃሚ በማድረግ የስርዐተ ፆታ እኩልነትን ለማስፈን የበኩሉን አስተዋፆ አድርጓል። ይህ ዶኪመንቴሽን በአደኣ ወረዳ ያሉ ሴት አርሶ አደሮች በፕሮጀክቱ አማካኝነት በተደረገ የባለሞያ እገዛና የገበያ ትስስር ተጠቃሚ የሆኑበትንና ሰኬታቸውን ይዞ ቀርቧል።

ቪድዮ ተመልከቱ: